看看驢象之爭和幹細胞研究――Nature調查

Candidates take opposing stances on medical research.

Before President George W. Bush arrived in the Oval Office, most Americans had never heard of a stem cell - a microscopic BioLogical entity that can transform into hair, muscle or other human cell types. But four years on, the issue has escalated into a divisive one in US politics, and looks set to attract continued attention in the forthcoming election.
在布什總統入主（白宮）橢圓形辦公室前，絕大多數美國人從沒有聽說過幹細胞――一種顯微鏡下的生物學實體，它可以轉變成頭發、肌肉或其它類型的人類細胞。但4年過後，它已經將美國政壇一分為二，而且看起來在即將到來的選舉中會越來越吸引眼球。Stem Cells started invading the public consciousness on 9 August 2001, when Bush appeared on national television to declare a new policy on stem-cell research. He stated that scientists funded by the federal government could not derive fresh stem cells from human embryos because, he said, it is immoral to destroy embryos for the purposes of human research. Researchers could work on embryonic stem-cell colonies that were already growing in culture dishes - and were free to study ***** stem cells, which are harvested from more fully developed tissues and grow into a more limited range of cells.
幹細胞**次占據人們的思維是2001年8月9日，當時老布在國家電視台上露麵宣布了一項對幹細胞研究的政策。他宣稱，由於毀滅人體胚胎來進行研究是不道德的（行為），因此，從聯邦政府獲得資助的科學家不被允許從人類胚胎中獲得幹細胞。研究者可以用已在細胞瓶中進行培養的胚胎幹細胞集落開展工作，他們也可以自由的應用成年幹細胞進行研究-----這些細胞從更成熟的組織中收獲，生長能力進一步受到限製。Scientists have been frustrated by this rule for three years. They say that it is slowing progress in stem-cell research, because the number of existing embryonic stem-cell lines is too few and there are burdensome rules surrounding their use. This hampers their ability to pursue stem-cell therapies that, they say, might one day cure conditions such as diabetes or heart disease.
三年來，科學家對這個規定感到非常沮喪。他們抱怨該規定使得幹細胞研究進展緩慢，這是因為已有的胚胎幹細胞係太少太少，而且在應用它們時又有如此多的限製性規定。他們認為這阻礙了他們尋求用幹細胞進行**的能力，（在將來的）某**，這種**方式可能會**糖尿病或心髒病。The scientists have gained an audience and a spotlight. In May, Nancy Reagan announced that she supports embryonic stem-cell research to cure Alzheimer's disease, which claimed the life of her husband, former President Ronald Reagan. Also this year, bipartisan groups of Congressmen and of Senators each wrote to Bush to ask him to change his policy. Some states, such as California and New Jersey, have passed their own measures to support human embryonic stem-cell research.
科學家們是有聽眾的，他們已經生活在聚光燈下了。在5月份，南希 裏根宣稱她支持用幹細胞進行Alzheimer's**的研究（這個病要了她老公的命-----前總統裏根）。也是在今年，bipartisan groups of Congressmen and of Senators（什麽東東？我不懂L）質詢布什，要求他改變其政策。加州和新哲西等州已經通過了自己的方案來支持人幹細胞研究。

In his replies to Nature's questionnaire on science issues, John Kerry says that he will lift the restrictions Bush has placed on stem-cell research while ensuring ethical lines are not crossed. Most stem-cell biologists support this plan.
在約翰 克裏回答《自然》雜誌對他進行的問卷調查中，老克說他將會搬走布什在幹細胞研究中設下的障礙，同時保證道德準則不被破壞。大多數的幹細胞科學家支持這個計劃。

But scientists caution that, if elected, Kerry must work carefully with politicians and scientists to hammer out a stem-cell policy that frees up research while ensuring that the collection and manipulation of embryos to make stem cells is properly regulated. "My hope is that whoever takes office will see the light and work with Congress to give us a policy that makes sense," says Lawrence Goldstein, a cell biologist at the University of San Diego, California, who supports embryonic stem-cell research.

但是科學家們也警告，如果Kerry被選上，他必須和政客以及科學家們一起非常謹慎的工作來推敲出一項幹細胞政策，既解開研究的小腳，又讓收集和操作胚胎來製作幹細胞得到合理的控製。加州大學聖迭哥分校支持胚胎幹細胞研究的一位細胞生物學家Lawrence Goldstein說，“不管誰當選，我都希望他能看得見希望，而且和國會一起給91麻豆福利视频网製定出一項有意義的政策。”